2 Samuel 10:3

Authorized King James Version

And the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David rather sent his servants unto thee, to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֩
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
שָׂרֵ֨י
And the princes
a head person (of any rank or class)
#3
בְנֵֽי
of the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#4
עַמּ֜וֹן
of Ammon
ammon, a son of lot; also his posterity and their country
#5
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#6
חָנ֣וּן
unto Hanun
chanun, the name of an ammonite and of two israelites
#7
אֲדֹֽנֵיהֶ֗ם
their lord
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#8
הַֽמְכַבֵּ֨ד
doth honour
to be heavy, i.e., in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same
#9
דָּוִ֛ד
thou that David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#10
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
אָבִ֙יךָ֙
H1
thy father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#12
בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ
Thinkest
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#13
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#14
שָׁלַ֥ח
rather sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#15
לְךָ֖
H0
#16
מְנַֽחֲמִ֑ים
comforters
properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo
#17
הֲ֠לוֹא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#18
בַּֽעֲב֞וּר
unto thee to
properly, crossed, i.e., (abstractly) transit; used only adverbially, on account of, in order that
#19
חֲקֹ֤ר
search
properly, to penetrate; hence, to examine intimately
#20
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#21
הָעִיר֙
the city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#22
וּלְרַגְּלָ֣הּ
and to spy it out
to walk along; but only in specifically, applications, to reconnoiter, to be a tale-bearer (i.e., slander); to lead about
#23
וּלְהָפְכָ֔הּ
and to overthrow
to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
#24
שָׁלַ֥ח
rather sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#25
דָּוִ֛ד
thou that David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#26
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#27
עֲבָדָ֖יו
his servants
a servant
#28
אֵלֶֽיךָ׃
near, with or among; often in general, to

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Samuel. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 2 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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